小球藻对南美白对虾生长性能及免疫功能的影响

Effects of Chlorella vulgaris on growth performance and immune functions of Litopenaeus vannamei

基础饲料中添加0.5%、1%和2%的小球藻,饲喂南美白对虾幼虾[体质量(4.26±1.71)g],养殖周期4周,测定各处理组对虾体质量,统计各组存活率,计算对虾特定生长率;利用试剂盒测定了对虾血淋巴和肝胰腺组织中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)、酚氧化酶(PO)、溶菌酶(LZM)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC);副溶血弧菌对剩余对虾进行攻毒,统计对虾死亡率。结果表明:小球藻能够明显促进南美白对虾的生长,显著提高对虾血淋巴和肝胰腺中的SOD、NOS、PO、LZM、ACP、ALP酶活和T-AOC能力,明显降低对虾的攻毒死亡率,从而明显提高南美白对虾的存活率。小球藻的适宜添加量为1%。

In the experiment, L. vannamei [body mass： （4.26±1.71） g] were fed with feed adding 0.5% , 1% and 2% C. vulgaris, 4 weeks later, body mass of shrimps in all treatment groups were determined, and the survival rate and specific growth rate of prawns were calculated; The activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, nitric oxide synthase （NOS）, phenoloxidase （PO）, lysozyme （LZM）, acid phosphatase （ACP）, alkaline phosphatase （ALP） and total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC） in hemolymph and hepato- pancreas tissues of L. vannamei were measured using the kits, ancl remaining shrimps were challenged with Vibrio parahaemolytieus, and the death rate of shrimps was counted. The results showed that： C. vulgaris could significantly promote the growth of L. vannamei, significantly increased activities of SOD, NOS, PO, LZM, ACP, ALP and T-AOC in hemolymph and hepatopancreas of shrimps, and obvi- ously reduced the challenged mortality rate of shrimp, thus greatly improve the survival rate of L. van- namei. The appropriate amount of C. vulgaris was 1%.