正常智商水平注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的智力结构分析

Analysis on intelligence structure of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder children with normal intelligence quotient

目的分析正常智商水平注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童的智力结构特征,探讨正常智商水平ADHD儿童的认知功能。方法招募2012年7月1日-2014年12月31日就诊于西安交通大学第一附属医院儿科儿童保健门诊的初发ADHD儿童及健康儿童。按照《精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第4版)》(DSM-Ⅳ)诊断标准纳入符合标准的6～16岁初发ADHD儿童及健康儿童,两组儿童按照性别、年龄进行1∶1匹配,最终纳入47对儿童。使用《韦氏儿童智力测评量表-中国修订版》(WISCCR)对两组儿童进行智力测评,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果 ADHD组儿童的儿童智商(IQ)、言语智商(VIQ)及操作智商(PIQ)的得分均低于健康对照组儿童(P<0.05);ADHD儿童在算术、拼图两项分测验的得分低于健康对照组儿童(P<0.05);ADHD组VIQ与PIQ分离者较健康对照组多(P<0.05)。结论正常智商水平ADHD儿童的认知功能较健康对照儿童仍存在缺陷。

Objective To analyze structural characteristics of intelligence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder（ ADHD） children with normal intelligence quotient,explore the cognitive function of these children. Methods Incipient ADHD children and healthy children were selected from Outpatient of Child Health Care in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi＇an Jiaotong University from July 1 st,2012 to December 31 st,2014,according to the diagnostic criteria of DSM-Ⅳ,the incipient ADHD children meeting the inclusion criteria and healthy children aged 6-16 years old were selected as study object,47 ADHD children and 47 healthy children were enrolled into the study finally,WISC-CR was used to evaluate intelligence of children in the two groups,then the results were analyzed statistically. Results The scores of IQ,VIQ,and PIQ in ADHD group were statistically significantly lower than those in healthy control group（ P〈0. 05）. The scores of arithmetic and jigsaw in ADHD group were statistically significantly lower than those in healthy control group（ P〈0. 05）. The number of children with VIQ and PIQ isolation in ADHD group was statistically significantly higher than that in healthy control group（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Compared with healthy children,the cognitive function of ADHD children with normal IQ is still deficient.