关节突关节角度和不对称性在退变性腰椎疾病中的角色

The role of facet joint angle and facet tropism in lumbar degenerative diseases

关节突关节（facet joint,FJ）是脊柱中惟一的滑膜关节,由上位椎体的下关节突和下位椎体的上关节突以及关节囊和滑膜组成,其与椎间盘构成了脊柱的三关节复合体。FJ在指导和限制脊柱运动上有重要作用,这与FJ解剖特点有关。FJ的解剖结构特点及改变必然会对脊柱的运动与生物力学产生影响,从而与某些脊柱病变产生联系。

Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis（ DLS）, lumbar disc herniation（ LDH）, facet joint（ FJ） osteoarthritis（ OA） and degenerative scoliosis（ DS） are common lumbar degenerative diseases clinically. The imaging features of those diseases have always been a research focus of clinical doctors. The roles of facet joint angle（ FJA） and facet joint asymmetry（ FT） in degenerative lumbar diseases are reported by many scholars. In relevant literatures, some scholars measured FJA by CT, but some scholars measured it on MRI, and the methods of measurement were different. Many scholars have proved that DLS patients have a more sagittal FJA. But it is still uncertain that whether sagittal FJA is a preexisting risk factor for DLS patients or it works as a result of the second remodeling in the disease development. There are also many conflicting conclusions about the roles of FJA and FT in the development of DLS, LDH, FJ OA, and DS diseases. The study of FJA and FT is of great significance in the clinic and prevention of related diseases, and it is worthy of further study. This article describes the role of FJA and FT in degenerative lumbar diseases by literature review.