秦汉时期中央王朝的西南认知与文化书写——以汉晋史籍为中心的探讨

The Perception and the Cultural Record of Southwestern Region for Central Empires in Qin and Han Dynasty

秦汉时期,随着中央王朝西南边疆治理的深化和华夷族群交往互动的加深,逐渐突破了先秦以来"五方之民"格局下的地理空间想象与"蛮夷"族群的认知体系,形成了以王朝体制和华夏观念主导"西南"定位与文化表述。其中,《史记》《汉书》《后汉书》等为代表的史籍成为中央王朝塑造"我族"中心与"他者"边缘的重要载体。通过历代官方性质的文本书写与传递,在西南历史叙事中构建起了一个完整的华夷族群和文化的知识谱系,并在秦汉王朝的政治实践中凝固成华夏化的"巴蜀"与"巴蜀西南外蛮夷"等多层次的华夷空间结构,进而成为中国古代西南地域社会认识的基本前提。

In Qin and Han Dynasty, with the deepening of governance towards southwestern boundary and interactions between Han ethnic group and other ethnic groups, the geographical assumption of ＂five nations＂ and perception system of ethnic groups since Qin Dynasty had made a breakthrough, and southwestern positioning and cultural expression centered on empire system and Huaxia Concept were formed.Historical recordings including Shi Ji, Hart Shu, Hog Hart Shu became the important carrier for empires in formulating the borderline between ＂our nation＂ and ＂others＂. Through the passing down official written records, an intact knowledge system for Han and other ethnic groups had been established in southwestern historical narratives, consolidating multi-level structure of Han and other ethnic groups in political practices in Qin and Han Dynasty featuring ＂Bashu＂ and ＂ethnic groups other than south-western Bashu＂, beconfing the basic prenfise for recognizing regional society in ancient southwestern areas in China.