弥勒魔芋珠芽发育过程的形态学和解剖学研究

Morphological and anatomical studies on bulbil development of Amorphophallus muelleri

珠芽是弥勒魔芋的一种重要营养繁殖器官。以弥勒魔芋为材料,通过形态学观察以及解剖学研究,揭示了弥勒魔芋珠芽形成过程中的一系列特征。结果显示：弥勒魔芋珠芽生长于植株叶柄分叉以及裂叶分叉处,由主干茎或主干叶柄表皮下的薄壁细胞重新获得分裂能力后分化而来。珠芽的发育过程可分为珠芽原基启动形成期,珠芽膨大期和珠芽成熟期。珠芽的生长终止于植株衰老倒伏。研究表明,弥勒魔芋的珠芽生长位点明显区别于其他常见植物,珠芽繁殖是魔芋适应生态环境的一种重要机制。

Bulbils are the important vegetative propagation organ of Amorphophallus muelleri. In this research,morphological and anatomical studies were conducted to reveal the characteristics of bulbil development in A. muelleri.The results showed that the buds of A. muelleri budded and grew on the bifurcation of plant petiole and the bifurcation of lobules. The primodium of bulbil differentiated from the parenchyma cells of the main stem. The development of bulbil can be divided into 3 stages：bulbil primordium initiation,bulbil swelling and maturity. The growth of bulbil ends with the plant senescence. These results indicate that bulbil propagation must be an important mechanism to adapt to the ecological environment.