小额贷款公司能服务普惠金融发展吗?--来自山东省的证据

Can Petty Loan Companies Service the development of Inclusive Finance?——Evidence from Shandong Province

普惠金融旨在通过解决金融排斥问题逐步缩小贫富差距。小额信贷业务作为普惠金融制度的一项基础环节,在经历了最初的快速发展后面临制度瓶颈。关于小额信贷机构的社会绩效及其在普惠金融体系中的定位和作用,需要根据现实发展进行重新审视。小额贷款公司能否服务普惠金融发展,有待进一步深入研究。本文借鉴联合国构建人类发展指数(HDI)的思想,构建普惠金融指标体系并编制普惠金融发展指数,以山东省为样本地区,对山东省的普惠金融发展水平进行了定量测度;在此基础上进一步考察小额信贷机构对普惠金融发展的影响。通过研究发现:小额贷款公司通过扩大规模、提高内部经营水平、增加贷款规模等措施都能够对普惠金融发展产生积极影响。同时,小额贷款公司扩大规模、提高对"三农"的支持等有助于改善金融服务覆盖水平;降低贷款利率、提高短期贷款占比等有助于改善金融服务使用成本。

Inclusive finance aims at solving financial exclusion problems to narrow the gap between the rich and poor gradually. Petty loan institutions as basic link of inclusive finance system are facing institutional bottleneck after rapid expansion. The social performance and location in inclusive finance of petty loan institutions need quantitative inspection as policy basis. This paper learns from United Nations Human Development Index to construct development index of inclusive finance using index methods to create inclusive finance index system to measure development level of inclusive finance by quantitative analysis. Then, we discuss petty loan institutions' influence on intensive finance based on this.The results reflect that when petty loan companies expand business scope, improve inner management level and increase loan scale, it has positive influence on the development inclusive finance. Meanwhile, when petty loan companies expand business scope, improve support to agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents, it is helpful to improve finance service coverage level; when petty loan companies drive interest rates lower, increase the proportion of short-term loan, it is benefit to improve use-cost of finance service.