维持性血液透析高磷血症患者社会支持与磷饮食管理行为调查

Investigation on social support and phosphorus diet management behavior in hyperphosphatemia patients with maintenance hemodialysis

目的了解维持性血液透析高磷血症患者的磷饮食管理行为及社会支持状况。方法采用自行设计的一般资料问卷、磷饮食管理行为阶段问卷及社会支持评定量表对108例维持性血液透析高磷血症患者进行调查。结果 108例患者中,磷饮食管理行为处于无意识阶段13例,有意识阶段17例,准备阶段47例,行动阶段22例,维持阶段9例。108例患者的社会支持评定量表总分为(40. 45±3. 89)分,高于社会常模的(34. 56±3. 73)分(P <0. 05);不同磷饮食管理行为阶段患者的社会支持总分、客观支持、支持利用度得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05),无意识阶段组的社会支持总分、客观支持得分、社会支持利用度得分最低。结论维持性血液透析高磷血症患者的磷饮食管理行为不理想,应加强社会支持并结合多种干预方式,以促进患者建立良好的磷饮食管理行为。

Objective To investigate the status of phosphorus diet management behavior and social support in the hyperphosphatemia patients with maintenance hemodialysis. Methods An investigate was conducted among 108 patients with maintenance hemodialysis using the self-designed general data questionnaire,the self-made phosphorus diet management stage questionnaire and the social support rating scale. Results Among the 108 patients,13 cases with phosphorus diet management behavior were in the unconsciousness stage,17 cases in the consciousness stage,47 cases in the preparation stage,22 cases in the action stage,and 9 cases in the maintenance stage.The total score of the social support rating scale for the 108 patients was higher than the norm（40.45±3.89 points vs. 34.56±3.73 points, P 〈0.05）;there were statistically significant differences in the total score of social support,score for objective support and score for support utility among patients in the various phosphorus diet management behavior stages（ P 〈0.05）,and the lowest scores for social support ,objective support and support utility were observed in the unconsciousness stage group. Conclusion The phosphorus diet management behavior is found to be unsatisfied in the hyperphosphatemia patients with maintenance hemodialysis,and it is necessary to strengthen social support combining various intervention approaches to promote favorable phosphorus diet management behaviors of the patients.