物理方法疏花疏果对酿酒葡萄病害发生的影响

Study on the physical methods of flower and berry thinning of wine grape

葡萄病害对植株的生长发育、果实品质及产量有重要影响,为减少污染源、降低发病率,调查了除去未坐果的花及劣质果的不同处理对葡萄病害的影响,统计了各处理的生产成本。结果表明,三种处理中人工+毛刷费用成本最高,达208元/667m^2,利用喷药机风机吹掉未坐果的花和劣质果具有良好效果,且在三者中成本最低,仅1.2元/667m^2;通过除去未坐果的花和劣质果可以有效地减少葡萄灰霉病的发生,对白腐病和霜霉病也有一定的控制作用。成本较低的喷药机吹除方式是酿酒葡萄花果管理中的最佳选择。

Disease is one of the important factors restricting grape＇s quality and yield. In order to reduce pollution sources and incidence rate, the eflects of diflerent treatments on removing unfruited flowers and inferior berries on grape diseases were studied. The production cost of each treatment was also counted. Results showed that in the three treatments, the cost of manual work with brush was the highest, reaching 208 yuan/667m^2 while the use of sprayer blower to blow offthe unfruited flowers and inferior berries also had better eflect, and the lowest cost among the three, only 1.2 yuan/667m^2;the removal of unfruited flowers and inferior berries could eflectively reduce the incidence rate of grape gray mold, and also have control eflects on grape downy mildew and grape powdery mildew. The lower cost sprayer blower was the best choice for removing unfruited flowers and inferior berries in grapevine production.