杜甫呼王维“高人”原因探析

Reasons for Du Fu Called Wang Wei as “Giant”

杜甫呼王维"高人",代表了一个时代对于王维的评价。在王维辞世六年后,其诗仍然"最传秀句寰区满",这自然是杜甫点赞王维的原因。然而,王维倾倒老杜而让其呼为"高人"的,肯定不单纯只因为是诗。杜甫《奉赠王中允(维)》诗,更是从道德层面、从维护封建皇权的立场为王维"陷贼不死"辩。从杜甫写王维的几首诗中则可见其对王维服膺之极。而王维闻道求义,修身养性,淡泊名利,远离浮嚣,倾心立身成仁,追求"内圣"的内在超越,特别是他自觉承担罪责的意识,自我救赎的道德精神,表现出一个正直善良、清高自洁的独特个体的人格魅力,才是杜甫呼王维"高人"的真正原因。

Wang Wei＇s name of‘Giant＇,made by Du Fu,is the representative evaluation of the whole era.Wang Wei＇s poems were regarded as the best poems in the world even six years after his death,which is one of the reasons for Du Fu to praise Wang Wei.However,the essential reason for Du Fu to call Wang Wei as＂Giant＂is not the poems themselves.Rather,Du Fu defended Wang Wei mainly from the perspectives of moral and the maintenance of feudal imperial system.Several poems demonstrate Du Fu＇s enthusiastic admirations for Wang Wei.This paper argues that the essential reasons for Du Fu to call Wang Wei as＂Giant＂are Wang Wei＇s moral pursuits of being sage inside.He sought for righteousness,self-cultivation,and indifferent to fame and wealth.More importantly,his strong sense of taking responsibilities and the moral spirit of self-redemption demonstrate his upright,kind and noble charm of personality.