皎然的齐梁与近体诗学建构及其内在理路和影响

Jiao Ran's Construction of the Poetics of the Qi and Liang Style and the Modern Style Poetry:Internal Logics and Influences

自初唐以迄大历,基于对六朝亡国之祸的反思和儒家诗教观念的阐复,齐梁与近体的诗史和诗学地位始终处于悬置状态。承六朝诗学传统,当齐梁、近体风靡之际,基于"复古通变"的基本诗学思想,皎然以"诗人之论"破"体变道丧"之谈。他在以"可言体变,不可言道丧"为齐梁诗辩护的同时,又以"惟精惟工""情远词丽"等命题对齐梁诗的艺术体制和风格特征加以重新建构。另一方面,基于"六义""比兴"以及雅正诗学观念的深刻影响,他又致力于彰显、提升齐梁诗的"体德"和格调。被道丧派视为歧途的齐梁诗因此被重新纳入诗史正变之中。皎然的近体诗学建构不仅以此为直接起点,在内在建构理路上也如出一辙。

Since the early Tang dynasty until the period of Dali,the historical status of the poetics of the Qi and Liang style and the Modern Style Poetry was not determined due the consideration of the tragedy of being subjugated in the Six Dynasties and the influences of Confucian poetics.Against the background of the revival of the Qi and Liang style and the Modern Styles Poetry,Jiao Ran inherited the traditions of the poetics in the Six Dynasties,and defended the Qi and Liang poetry by using the methodology of restoring old ways but modifying the simultaneously.He argued that Dao was not collapsed,if forms had been destroyed significantly must be accepted,in the Qi and Liang poetry.Jiao Ran sought to promote the morality and styles of the Qi and Liang poetry under the influences of poetical views of＂Six Yi＂,＂Bi Xing＂and＂Ya and Zheng＂.As such of the construction by Jiao Ran,the historical status of the Qi and Liang poetry was formally established.It also represents the start of the construction of his poetics of the Modern Style Poetry and the internal logics.