龙脑樟龙脑含量变化及新梢生长规律

Content Changes of Natual Borneol and Growth Rule of New Shoots in Cinnamomum camphora chvar. Borneol

[目的]探寻清龙脑樟鲜叶龙脑含量的变化规律与新枝生长节律,确定龙脑樟枝叶的最佳采收季节。[方法]对龙脑樟鲜叶龙脑含量、新梢长、新梢基径、新梢一级枝数等生长性指标进行持续性测定和调查。[结果]鲜叶龙脑含量与鲜叶叶绿素指标测定数据的月变化规律呈"M"型;新梢长、新梢基径、新梢一级枝数的季节变化规律为四段式,3—7月、9—11月表现为快速生长,在其余时间段生长缓慢或停滞。[结论]生产实践中,在7月对龙脑樟的当年生枝叶进行采收可取得较高的龙脑产量;或7月采收后,11月再对新抽的枝叶进行采收,达到1年采收2次目的。

[Objective]To find out the variation law of borneol content in Cinnamomum camphora and the growth rhythm of new branches, determine the optimum harvesting season for both yield and content of borneol.[Method] The content of borneol, shoot length, shoot base diameter and number of first-order shoots in fresh leaves of C. camphor were determined and investigated. [Result] The monthly variation of borneol content and chlorophyll content in fresh leaves showed a “M” pattern, while the seasonal variation of shoot length, shoot base diameter and number of first-order shoots showed a four-stage pattern, which showed rapid growth from March to July, September to November, and slow or stagnant growth during the rest of the period. [Conclusion]In production practice, the annual branches and leaves of C. camphora were harvested from July, which obtain a higher dragbrain output;after the harvest in July, the newly extracted branches and leaves will be harvested in November to achieve the purpose of harvesting twice a year.