鲧禹治水的洪水神话性质及其原始观念

The Mythological Nature of Gun-Yu Flood Control and Its Original Concept

洪水神话是上古神话的重要类型之一,学界使用这一术语时大多将其等同于"洪水过后仅遗的人传衍人类"神话,可以将其称为典型的洪水神话。这类神话的内容一般由洪水母题和人类再殖母题相结合,在世界各民族文献及口承洪水神话中均有体现。鲧禹治水神话中虽然没有体现出典型的再殖创世型母题特征,但是具有明显的洪水神话性质,它与治水母题相结合,形成一种特殊的非典型洪水神话。鲧禹治水神话体现出生活在中原地区的原始初民对待洪水灾害的积极态度和应对智慧,兼有体现先民原始生存境遇的自然生态神话与彰显族群文化意蕴的社会文化神话的双重特性。

The myth of flood is one of the important types of ancient mythology. When the term used in the academic circles, it is mostly equated with the myth that ＂the only person after the flood has spread humanity＂, which can be called the typical flood myth. The content of this kind of myth is generally combined with the flood motif and the human re-immunization motif, and is reflected in the literatures of various nationalities in the world and the myth of oral floods. Although the myth of Gun-Yu Flood control does not reflect the typical re-creation creation motif, it has obvious flood mythological nature. It combines with the water control motif to form a special atypical flood myth. The myth of Gun-Yu Flood control reflects the positive attitude and coping wisdom of primitive primitive people living in the Central Plains to deal with flood disasters.It has the dual characteristics of the natural ecological myth that reflects the primitive living conditions of the ancestors and the social and cultural myths that highlight the cultural meaning of the ethnic group.