高危新生儿4月龄时情绪和社会性适应能力分析

Survey on social-emotional status in high risk 4-month-old infants

目的了解上海市4月龄高危儿情绪和社会性发展现状及其影响因素。方法选取在上海市静安区儿童保健门诊定期健康检查的4月龄婴儿900例,采用《年龄与发育进程问卷:社交-情绪》(Ages&Stages Questionnaires:Social-Emotional ASQ:SE)作为筛查工具,将筛查结果导入SPSS 17. 0进行统计分析。结果共收集4月龄婴幼儿有效问卷833例,其中正常儿童533例、高危儿300例,高危儿组中有40例早产儿。高危儿在ASQ:SE问卷中的各能区得分均较正常儿童高,尤其在适应能力、情感、总体担忧这3个能区差异明显(P<0. 05);早产儿的沟通能力弱于正常儿童(P<0. 05)。通过多因素回归分析提示,出生时顺产是婴儿社交与情绪发育的保护因素(P<0. 05)。结论 4月龄高危儿的社交情绪发展存在偏离,在适应能力,情感互动和沟通方面尤为突出。ASQ:SE量表应用于儿童保健门诊,有助于早期识别儿童的情绪和社会性发育障碍。

Objective To survey the social-emotional status and correlated factors in high risk infants.Methods A survey on social-emotional status was conducted among caregivers of 4-month-old infants, who underwent regular health check in Shanghai Jing an District Maternal and Child Healthcare Center, with the Ages ＆ Stages Questionnaires： Social-Emotional （ASQ： SE）. The results were analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software.Results Among 833 valid questionnaires returned 533 from normal infants （control group） and 300 from high risk infants （high-risk group, including 40 cases of preterm infants）. The social-emotional ability of the high risk infants was lower than those of control group, especially in the adaptability and emotion domain; and the general concern of parents was higher than that of control group. The communication skill of the preterm infants was poorer than that of full-term babies. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the natural delivery was a protective factor for social-emotional development.Conclusion The social-emotional problems in high risk infants are relatively high. It is suggested that the ASQ： SE should be used for the regular health check in outpatient clinics of child health care.