孕期凯格尔运动对妊娠方式及分娩后膀胱功能障碍的影响

Effects of Kegel Exercise during Pregnancy on Delivery Mode,Urinary Bladder Dysfunction after Delivery

目的分析孕期凯格尔运动对妊娠方式、分娩后膀胱功能障碍及尿失禁的影响.方法随机数字法将定期检查的120例孕妇分为对照组与观察组,对照组采取常规孕期管理,观察组在对照组基础上加以孕期凯格尔运动干预,比较两组孕妇分娩前盆底肌张力、分娩方式、产程、妊娠结局、产后排尿评分及尿失禁发生率等.结果观察组分娩前盆底肌力评分、产后3个月排尿评分分别为(3.17±0.75)分、(1.26±0.34)分,较对照组的(2.47±0.90)分、(2.09±0.53)分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组剖宫产率显著低于对照组,顺产率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组3个产程时间均显著短于对照组(P<0.05);观察组新生儿Apgar评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组产后3个月尿失禁发生率(6.67%)显著低于对照组(21.67%)(P<0.05).结论孕期凯格尔运动能明显提高顺产率,降低剖宫产率,缩短产程,同时能明显减轻分娩后膀胱功能障碍症状,减少尿失禁的发生.

Objective To analyze the effects of Kegel exercise during pregnancy on delivery mode and urinarybladder dysfunction and urinary incontinence complications after delivery. Method A total of 120 pregnantwomen who received regular examinations were divided into the observation group and the control group byrandom number method. The control group received routine management during pregnancy,while the observationgroup received Kegel exercise intervention based on the control group during pregnancy. The pelvic floor muscletension,delivery mode, stage of labor, pregnancy outcomes, postpartum urination score and the incidence ofurinary incontinence were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of pelvic floor muscle strengthand postpartum 3-month urination showed significant differences between the observation group and the controlgroup before delivery （3. 17±0. 75）,（1. 26±0. 34） vs （2. 47 ±0. 90）,（2. 09 ±0. 53） （P〈0. 05）. The rate ofcesarean section was significantly lower and rate of natural delivery was significantly higher in the observationgroup than those in the control group （ P 〈 0. 05）. The three stages of labor in the observation group weresignificantly shorter than those in the control group （P〈0. 05）. The neonatal Apgar score in the observation groupwas significantly higher than that in the control group （P〈0. 05）. The incidence of postpartum 3-month urinaryincontinence in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group （6. 67%vs 21. 67%）（P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Kegel exercise during pregnancy can significantly improve the rate of natural delivery,reduce the rate of cesarean section,shorten the stage of labor,and can significantly reduce bladder dysfunctionand urinary incontinence after delivery.