从吴绡成名看明清闺阁才媛的才艺成长途径及对现代女性家庭教育的启示

Study on Boudoirs' Talent Acquisition Methods in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and Their Implications for Modern Education Viewed from the Popularity of Wu Xiao

明清时期兴起了大批闺阁才媛群体,她们或诗或画,或词或赋,才学出众。在这一群体中,声誉卓著的苏州名媛吴绡的才艺成长道路颇具代表性。她通过家学影响、自身努力,和著名才女的交流,与文坛大家的切磋,以及参与男性文人的唱和,使自己的才学水平达到了一定的高度,受到了当时文人的高度评价。从吴绡的成名经历中,我们可以看出她那个时代大部分闺阁才媛的才艺成长途径,即在幼时家教、自身努力、交流切磋、婚后酬和等过程中提高艺术才情。这种才女成长途径对当今的家庭女性教育有一定的启示作用。

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, there arose a large number of boudoir groups, who showed outstanding talent in painting or writing. The representative girl of these groups was Wu Xiao, a famous talented boudoir in Suzhou City. She embodied the typical talent acquisition methods of her time. She reached the peak of literature by learning from her own families and by discussing with other talented women and successful men of letters at her time. She is highly praised by present scholars. From the popularity of Wu Xiao, we can see girls at her time usually acquired their accomplishments by childhood family tutoring, personal effort before marriage and learning from other famous men or women after marriage. Such talent acquisition methods have certain implications for women’s education nowadays.