推广新生儿眼病筛查的必要性

Necessity of screening for neonatal eye disease

目的:探讨推广新生儿眼病筛查以及婴儿期定期眼保健的必要性。方法:回顾分析2014年1月至2016年12月20 800例惠州市妇幼保健计划生育服务中心门诊收集的婴儿眼保健资料。结果:共检出致盲性眼病7种158例,其中满42 d内检出147例,3个月内检出8例,6个月内检出2例,12个月内检出1例。检出时已合并眼位、眼前节异常、影响视功能者8例。不同出生胎龄致盲性眼病检出率:≤34周为11.64%,34~37周为1.24%,≥37周为1.29%。相对于纸质宣传材料,开展家长学校讲课,利用PPT结合实际病例讲解,更有助于普及眼保健。相对于眼底检查,眼前节的方式更容易被接受、被推广。结论:致盲性眼病婴儿期发病在临床中并不少见,并且部分是可以早期筛查、早期治疗以避免视功能损害的。临床中需要大力普及眼保健知识,并可以在具备条件的医院,适当利用新生儿广域成像系统推广新生儿眼病普筛。

Objective： To discuss the necessity of screening for neonatal eye disease and regular eye care in infancy. Methods： A retrospective analysis of 20 800 infants in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2016 was conducted. From January 2014 to December 2016. Results： Seven types of blindness eye diseases were detected in 158 cases, including 147 cases at 42 days, 8 cases at 3 months, 2 cases at 6 months and 1 case at 12 months after birth. Eight cases were supervened with abnormal eye position, anterior segment abnormality and poor visual function. The detection rate of blindness-inducing diseases was 11.64% for infants aged ≤34 weeks, 1.24% for 34–37 weeks and 1.29% for ≥ 37 weeks. Compared with the paper propaganda materials, the introduction of parental school lectures and PPT combined with explanation of actual cases was more conducive to popularize eye care. Compared with fundus examination, anterior segment examination was more likely to be accepted and popularized. Conclusion： Eye disease inducing blindness in infancy are commonly encountered in clinical practice, which can be screened and treated early to avoid visual impairment. It is necessary to popularize the knowledge of eye care, and promote the screening of newborn eye disease in qualified hospitals.