碱性土上GF677与毛桃植株生理指标及叶片组织结构对比研究

Comparison of Plants Biochemical Indexes and Leaf Tissue Structure of GF677 and Wild Peach on Alkaline Soil

【目的】找出碱性土上GF677与毛桃抗黄化能力差异的生理机制。【方法】对碱性土立地条件下GF677与毛桃不同时期叶片抗氧化系统以及植株枝条与根系相关生理生化进行动态测定,并运用石蜡切片法观察比较不同时期叶片解剖结构。【结果】在碱性土上GF677叶片含铁卟啉为辅基的酶类POD、CAT酶活性更高,保证了体内活性氧的及时清除,而毛桃叶片MDA与相对电导率明显升高,叶肉细胞受损严重; GF677植株体内更多的营养物质是以可溶性淀粉形式储存于枝条中,而毛桃植株体内主要以可溶性糖形式储存于根系中。碱胁迫同时诱导了毛桃与GF677根系高铁还原酶活性的上升,但毛桃根系FCR活性会在短时间内急剧上升又迅速下降,而GF677根系FCR活性会持续上升,GF677能够在更长的时间内适应碱胁迫,保持较高的FCR活性,从而保证对铁素的还原与吸收。【结论】GF677在碱性土上植株抗氧化系统、养分状况和根系铁还原能力均强于毛桃,进一步明确了GF677抗黄化的生理机制,为今后筛选抗碱抗黄化桃种质资源提供了理论依据。

【Objective】The study aimed to identify the difference of physiological mechanism and biochemical indexes between GF677 and wild peach on alkaline soil.【Method】We dynamically measured antioxidant system and physiological and biochemical index of stems and roots of GF677 and wild peach in different periods on alkaline soil under the site conditions.And we observed leaf anatomical structure in different periods of paraffin section.【Result】The activities of enzymes with complementary base of ferriporphyrin such as POD and CAT of GF677 were higher than that of wild peach,thus ensuring that the active oxygen in the body was cleared in time.While MDA and relative conductivity of wild peach increased significantly under alkali stress,and mesophyll cells severely damaged.In the GF677,more nutrients are stored in the branches of soluble starch,while it is stored in the root in wild peach of soluble sugar.Alkali stress induced higher activity of FCR in both wild peach＇s and GF677＇s roots at the same time.The activity of FCR of wild peach roots will sharply be rising and falling rapidly in a short time,while the activity of FCR of GF677＇s roots will continue to rise.GF677 can maintain high FCR activity in a long time to adapt to alkali stress,thus ensuring reduction and absorption of iron element.【Conclusion】GF677 as an introduction of the anti-yellowing rootstock resources in our country,showed strong ability of resistance to yellowing on alkaline soil in Sichuan basin.GF677 has stronger ability of plant nutrient status and root antioxidant system of iron reduction than the wild peach.This research provides theoretical bases for the screening of resistance to alkali resistant peach germplasm resources