支气管哮喘患者糖皮质激素吸入技术的现状调查

Investigation of Inhaled Corticosteroids in Patients with Bronchial Asthma

目的了解门诊成人支气管哮喘患者糖皮质激素吸入技术的现状,分析其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查性研究,利用便利抽样方法,选取常州市某三级医院呼吸科门诊就诊且符合纳入和排除标准的哮喘患者,调查患者的一般资料和ICS吸入技术,利用SPSS20. 0中的卡方检验及Logistic回归分析ICS吸入技术的影响因素。结果 156例患者中,吸入方法不完全正确为64例(41. 03%),其中呼气错误22例(34. 38%)、吸药错误为30例(46. 15%)、屏气错误34例(53. 13%)、漱口错误32例(50%)。回归分析结果显示哮喘知识掌握程度[OR=1. 125,95%Cl(1. 070,1. 271),P=0. 040]和是否定期复诊[OR=2. 524,95%Cl(1. 310,4. 864),P=0. 006]对吸入技术影响有显著性差异(P <0. 05)。结论门诊成人支气管哮喘患者的吸入技术有待提高,哮喘知识掌握程度和是否定期复诊影响患者的吸入技术。应加强患者吸入技术和哮喘知识的宣教,以提高ICS治疗依从性。

Objective To investigate the present situation of inhaled corticosteroids in patients with asthma and analyze the influencing factors. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate 156 cases of asthma in the Department of respiration of a hospital in Changzhou,which was in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria,using convenience sampling method. General information was collect data and patient＇s inhalation technique was evaluated. Analysis of influencing factors of ICS inhalation by logistics regression in SPSS20. 0. Results Among 156 patients,inappropriate use of asthma inhaler devices was observed in 64 patients（ 41. 03%）,including exhalation errors（ 34. 38%）,inhalation errors（ 46. 15%）,breath holding error（ 53. 13%） and gargle error（ 50%）. Logistics gression analysis showed that gender [OR = 1. 125,95% Cl（ 1. 070,1. 271）,P = 0. 040] and regular visit [OR = 2. 524,95% Cl（ 1. 310,4. 864）,P = 0. 006]were influencing factors of ICS. Conclusions The adult patients with bronchial asthma need to improve their inhalation technique,and whether the knowledge of asthma and regular outpatient visits affect the patient＇s breathing techniques.