从呼吸角度防治慢性非特异性腰背痛理论初探

Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain from Respiration: ATheory Investigation

非特异性腰背痛为临床常见病,常反复发作,导致患者身心障碍,常采取以保守治疗为主的多学科综合康复治疗。随着相关研究的陆续开展,非特异性腰背痛的病理机制得到了阐释。针对其功能障碍的深入分析,结合现代生物力学相关研究发现,呼吸与腰背痛之间存在紧密关系。呼吸训练可激活躯干深层稳定肌,建立适当的腹内压力;还可通过改善本体感觉,促进运动控制,改善患者的疼痛症状及功能障碍;此外,呼吸还能调节植物神经功能,改善心理问题。中国传统功法历来重视呼吸吐纳,六字诀作为代表性的呼吸导引功法,其对非特异性腰背痛患者整体功能的改善具有重要作用。本文从呼吸入手,分析呼吸训练防治非特异性腰痛的理论基础及临床可行性,丰富非特异性腰痛的防治思路。

Non-specific low back pain is a kind of common disease that often repeated attacks, which leads to somatopsychic disturbance and is usually treated with multi-disciplinary comprehensive rehabilitation therapy based on conservative treatment. After extensive exploration, the pathological mechanism of non-specific low back pain has been well explained. According to the in-depth analysis of its dysfunctions and the related modern biomechanical studies, we has found that there is a close relationship between respiration and low back pain. Respiratory training can activate the deep stable muscles of trunk and establish appropriate intra-abdominal pressure; can promote the motion control and improve the pain and dysfunctions through improving proprioception; in addition, respiration can regulate the vegetative nervous functions and improve psychological problems.Chinese traditional Gongfa always attaches importance to breathing, as the representative method of respiratory Daoyin, Liuzijue plays an important role in the improvement of overall functions in patients with non-specific low back pain. Starting from respiration, this article would analyze the theory basis and clinical feasibility of respiratory training in prevention and treatment of non-specific low back pain, in order to enrich its prevention and treatment ideas.