2016年南阳市麻疹网络实验室运转情况分析

Operation and analysis of Measles Network Laboratory of Nanyang City in 2016

目的分析2016年南阳市麻疹网络实验室的监测数据,评价实验室运转情况。方法对2016年各县区送检的麻疹监测病例的血清标本和咽拭子标本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)进行麻疹Ig M抗体检测,用real-time PCR法进行麻疹病毒核酸检测。对麻疹核酸阳性标本进行病毒分离。结果 606份血清标本麻疹Ig M抗体阳性率为36. 80%,326份咽拭子标本麻疹病毒核酸的阳性率为54. 91%,2种方法阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=28. 34,P <0. 05);共分离出3株麻疹病毒,均为麻疹H1a亚型;麻疹发病主要集中在6岁以下人群中;发病时间集中在1月-6月;无免疫史或免疫史不详者阳性检出率较高;> 8月龄各年龄组阳性病例和阴性病例的免疫史构成差异有统计学意义。2016年南阳市麻疹网络实验室顺利通过了河南省麻疹实验室的职能考核。结论 2016年南阳市流行的毒株为H1a型,未发现输入病例;酶联免疫吸附实验和real-time PCR法联合检测,可以提高麻疹监测病例早期诊断阳性率;麻疹发病人群主要为<6岁人群的无免疫史或免疫史不详者,2016年南阳市麻疹网络实验室运转情况良好。

Objective To analyze the monitoring data from Nanyang Measles Network Laboratory in 2016 and to evaluate the lab operating condition. Methods Enzyme - linked immuno - sorbent assay （ELISA） was adopted to conduct measles IgM antibody detection and real -time PCR method to conduct measles virus nucleic acid detection for serum specimens and pharyngeal Swab specimens obtained from measles surveillance eases submitted by each county and district in 2016. Virus isolation was also carried out for positive specimens of measles nucleic acid. Results The positive rate of measles IgM antibody in 606 serum specimens was 36.80%, and that of measles virus nucleic acid in 326 pharyngeal swab specimens was 54.91% ; the difference of the two methods on the positive detection rate had statistical significance （X2 = 28.34, P 〈 0.05 ） ; 3 measles viruses were isolated, all of which were subtype measles H1 a; the high -risk population were those under 6 years old; the incidence mainly lasted from January to June ; the detection rate of those without immune history or with unknown immune history was relatively higher; the difference between positive cases and negative cases in each age group more than 8 months old had statistical signifi- cance. In 2016, Nanyang Measles Network Laboratory passed the functional examination organized by Henan Measles Laboratory. Coneluaioa The epidemic strain in Nanyang, 2016 was H1 a type, and no input case was found; the joint detection of ELISA and Real - time PCR method can improve the early diagnosis of measles surveillance cases ; the population stricken by measles were mainly those without immune history or with unknown immune history under 6 years old, so Nanyang Measles Network Laboratory operated well in 2016.