曲径通明:《明实录》“近代”价值的发现与赋予

A Way to Modern Times: Discovering the Modern Value of MINGSHILU and Taking Advantage of It

传统史学与近代史学并非绝对对立,在经受"新史学"扫荡"旧史学"的疾风暴雨过后,其价值往往会受到新史学的重新确认。《明实录》作为一部为明代诸帝及其朝政作记录的官修史书和传统史籍,属于"新史学"开创者梁启超指责的"为帝王将相作家谱"的"旧史学"。然而,《明实录》重视档案等"一手史料"和偏重客观的编纂原则,却被深受兰克史学影响的"新史学"的实践者傅斯年所看重,成为他实践其近代科学—实证史学理想的重要载体,从而在他所主持的中央研究院历史语言研究所得到大规模的整理和研究。传统史书《明实录》就这样历经曲折后被纳入了近代学术体系之中。

Traditional historiography and modern historiography are not polar opposites. After being replaced by the ＂New Historiography＂,＂outdated historiography＂and its value were reconfirmed by the historians who were influenced by new historiography. MINGSHILU,as an official and traditional historical book,recorded emperors and government affairs in the Ming Dynasty,and it was considered as an outdated historical book by Liang Qichao who was a founder of Chinses New Historiography. However,its principles of paying attention to primary source and objective truth were valued by Fu Sinian who was a practitioner of ＂New Historiography＂ and influenced by Leopolde von Ranke. Fu Sinian wanted to devote himself to modern scientific and positivist historiography,and as an ideal subject of study,this book was collated and studied massively by scholars of the Institute of History and Philology of Academy Sinica led by Fu. Thus MINGSHILU had been brought into the modern history with twists and turns.