含高效固氮解淀粉芽孢杆菌生物有机肥在草莓上的应用效果

Application Effectiveness of Bioorganic Fertilizer Containing Efficient Nitrogen Fixing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on Strawberry

以草莓为试材,采用小区试验,研究了含高效固氮芽孢杆菌生物有机肥对草莓种植土壤养分含量、枯萎病发生程度、草莓产量及品质的影响,以期为该生物有机肥的科学使用及草莓绿色生产提供参考依据。结果表明:该生物有机肥按照22.5t·hm^(-2)用量穴施完全替代化学肥料(K2),土壤NH_4^+-N、Ex-P、Ex-K和有机质含量随时间推移变化不大,以11.25t·hm^(-2)穴施替代50%的化学肥料(K3),土壤NH_4^+-N和Ex-P含量随时间推移变化不大,Ex-K和有机质含量随时间推移略有降低但均高于对照(不施任何肥料,CK)。同时,K2和K3处理的草莓枯萎病病情指数显著低于CK和常规施肥处理(K1),草莓果实的维生素C含量显著高于CK。产量测定发现,K2和K3处理的草莓累计增产率分别为9.8%和3.3%,其中前期(春节前)增产率分别为30.6%和21.9%。因此,施用该生物有机肥可替代化肥、减轻枯萎病的发生,提高前期商品果产量、改善果实品质。

Strawberry was used as the material to verify the effect of bioorganic fertilizer containing high efficiency nitrogen fixing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on soil nutrient content,wilt occurrence degree,fruit yield and quality,and plot experiment was carried out,in order to provide references for the scientific use of this bioorganic fertilizer and strawberry green production.The results showed that,for treatment of bio-organic fertilizer hole applied with amount of 22.5 t·hm^-2 to completely replacing normal chemical fertilizer（K2）,soil NH4^＋-N,Ex-K,Ex-P and organic matter content were little changed over time.With dosage of 11.25 t·hm^-2 to replace 50% of chemical fertilizer,soil NH4^＋-N and Ex-P content changed little over time,and Ex-K and organic matter content decreased slightly over time but were always higher than control.Compared with the control,treatment of K2 and K3 had exhibited significantly lower wilt disease index and higher fruit vitamin C content.Strawberry yield increase rates of K2 and K3 were 9.8% and 3.3% respectively,and those for earlier stage（before spring festival）were 30.6% and 21.9%,respectively.Thus it could be seen that,this bio-organic fertilizer could replace chemical fertilizer,improve strawberry yield of earlier stage and fruit quality.