非物质文化遗产社区群体参与旅游权能分异研究——以青海省同仁县吾屯村为例

A Research on Intangible Cultural Heritage Community Groups' Participation in Empowerment Differentiation:A Case Study on Wutun Village,Tongren County,Qinghai Province

采用旅游权能感知量表,选择青海省同仁县吾屯村为典型案例地,通过K-means聚类、列联表方法分析非物质文化遗产社区群体参与旅游权能差异,将非物质文化遗产社区群体分为四类型,分别为复合型、潜力型、一般型、弱势型群体。结果表明:家庭收入、工作与父辈是否一致、是否为旅游经营户3个人口特征变量与群体分类显著性相关;权能整体表现呈复合型(66. 75)>潜力型(57. 53)>一般型(51. 09)>弱势型(45. 79)群体的递减趋势;四类群体在社区归属、生活水平、地缘血缘关系、对内传承4个权能感知测项表现良好且差异不大,其他12个权能感知测项均达到群体差异的显著性水平。研究通过把握非物质文化遗产社区群体参与旅游的权能特征,为实现非物质文化遗产社区群体参与旅游差异化发展提供借鉴。

Using the T0urism empowerment scale,the authors choose Wutun Village in Tongren County,Qinghai Province as a typical case,and analyzes the difference of community participation in tourism by means of K-means cluster and column table. The community groups of intangible cultural heritage are divided into four types：mixed type,potential type,general type and weak type. The findings show：The family income,whether the work is consistent with their parents,whether they are tourism operators,are significantly related to the classification of the population; The empowerment performance showed a decreasing trend of composite type potential type general type weak type as a whole;The four groups performed well and there was no significant difference in terms of community ownership,standard of living,geographical kinship,and internal inheritance,while the other 12 empowerment items have reached the significant level of group differences. The research grasps the empowerment characteris-tics of the community participation in tourism in detail,and provides reference for realizing the community group participation in tourism differentiation of intangible cultural heritage.