艺术形式与精神表达——新柏拉图主义美学视域内的拜占庭艺术遗存初探

Artistic form and Spiritual Expression——A Probe into the Remains of Byzantine Art in the Vision of Neo-Platonic Aesthetics

拜占庭艺术是人类艺术史流传下来的经典艺术遗存,对西方各时期文化艺术乃至遗产研究都有重要的参考意义。而关于拜占庭艺术研究,至今让学界极力研判的论题是:精神内涵能否用艺术语言与材质来表述?拜占庭艺术所运用的形象范式、构图样式、色彩法则、材料质感等能在多大程度上表征精神诉求?新柏拉图主义的美学思想提供了解读角度。文章以中世纪拜占庭艺术为例,剖析拉文纳的圣维塔尔教堂、柯拉教堂等拜占庭文化遗产的圣像艺术,以新柏拉图主义及受其影响的美学思想为框架,以艺术本体为出发点,探究关于艺术形式与精神追求的问题。

Byzantine art is a classic art relic that has been handed down from the history of human art. It has important reference significance for the study of culture, art and even heritage in Western times. As for the study of Byzantine art, the thesis that the academic circles have tried hard to judge is： Can the spiritual connotation be expressed in terms of artistic language and materials？ To what extent can the image paradigm, composition style, color rules, material texture and so on used by Byzantine art represent spiritual appeal？ The aesthetic thought of Neo-Platonicism provides an interpretation perspective. This article takes the medieval Byzantine art as an example to analyze the iconic art of Byzantine cultural heritage such as St. Vital＇s Church and Kola Church in Ravenna. It is based on Neo-Platonicism and the aesthetic thoughts influenced by it, starting from the artistic ontology. Explore the issues of art form and spiritual pursuit.