基于县域单元的广西城镇化水平测度与时空分异研究

A Study of Urbanization Level,Spatial and Temporal Differentiation of Counties in Guangxi

基于县域单元,对广西2004、2015年73个县(市)城镇化水平进行综合评价,分析其空间分布特征及影响因素,为广西城镇化的健康、协调发展提供依据和决策支持。研究方法为:熵值法、聚类分析和自然断裂法。研究结果:广西整体县域城镇化水平提升,变异程度缩小,但相对差距和绝对差距扩大,呈现强者偏强、弱者偏弱的极化趋势;空间分异特征为东南高,西北低。桂东、北部湾地区县(市)城镇化发展较快,与桂北、桂西铁路沿线县(市)同为广西城镇化水平较高地区;中部到西北部连片分布的喀斯特地区和东部山区城镇化发展缓慢、水平较低;自然条件、资源条件与产业结构、区位和交通条件、区域发展政策等是造成广西县域城镇化水平差异的主要因素。研究结论:2004-2015年广西县域城镇化水平提升但发展不均衡,空间集聚演化加剧,桂东南区位优良,受区域发展政策驱动城镇化发展较快,桂西北因自然条件限制,发展较缓慢。应加强中心城市的建设促进广西县域城镇化的协调发展。

To construct a comprehensive index system of the urbanization level of counties in Guangxi from 2004 to 2015, and to analyze its spatial-temporal characteristics as weii as the reasons. Method employed is the entropy method, clustering analysis and Nature Breaks. The results show that： Firstly, the over-all urbanization level of counties in Guangxi has been improved and the degree of variation has been reduced, but the relative and absolute gap has been widened, showing a trend of polarization ; Secondly, there are significant regional differences in the levels of urbanization of Guangxi. The urbanization of counties （cities） in eastern Guangxi and Beibu Gulf is developing rapidly, and the urbanization level of counties （cities） along the northern Guangxi and Western Guangxi railways is higher than that of other counties （cities） ;the karst areas with continuous distribution from central to northwestern Guangxi and the eastern mountainous areas are developing slowly and at a lower level. Thirdly, natural conditions, resource conditions and industrial structure, location and transportation conditions, regional development policies are the main factors that cause the differences in the level of urbanization in Guangxi. It is concluded the level of urbanization in Guangxi counties increased from 2004 to 2015, but the development was not balanced, the spatial agglomeration and evolution intensified, and the southeastern region of Guangxi had a good location. The urbanization development driven by regional development policy was faster, and the development of Northwestern Guangxi was slower due to natural conditions. We should strengthen the construction of central cities and promote the coordinated development of county urbanization in Guangxi.