汽车尾气中产生一氧化氮的热力学分析

Thermodynamic Analysis of Nitric Oxide in Automobile Exhaust

在汽车发动机处于高温条件下,其中的氮气和氧气可以发生瞬时反应,生成极少量的NO(一氧化氮)。但是,成千上亿辆汽车排出的NO尾气的长期累积会使其总量增加,足以严重污染空气。利用化学热力学基础知识,本文估算了氮气与氧气在汽车发动机处于高温状态时局部发生化学反应生成NO的可能条件,解释了汽车尾气中NO的形成原因。

Under the high temperature condition of the automobile engine, nitrogen and oxygen can react instantaneously to generate a very small amount of NO（nitrogen monoxide）. However, the long-term accumulation of NO tail gas from thousands of cars will increase its total amount, which is enough to seriously pollute the air. Using the basic knowledge of chemical thermodynamics, this paper estimates the possible conditions for the local chemical reaction of nitrogen and oxygen in the high temperature state of the automobile engine to generate NO, and explains the formation of No in the automobile exhaust.