某汽车驾驶室骨架结构分析与轻量化设计

Vehicle frame structure analysis and lightweight design

驾驶室骨架主要起承载和保护人员安全的作用,文章通过有限元方法对其进行了结构强度评估和结构优化设计分析。结果显示:原始结构设计存在局部应力集中和材料浪费现象;通过铝合金代替部分钢材,对骨架结构拓扑优化,得到更为合理的骨架结构。新骨架仿真结果显示,原先设计存在的应力集中问题得到了明显改善,应力分布更加均匀,在保证骨架刚度与强度的前提下,节省材料约15%,实现骨架的轻量化设计。

Cab frame is mainly used to bear and protect the safety of people. In the paper, structural strength and designoptimization were analyzed by finite element method. The results showed that original structure design has obvious localstress concentration and waste of material. Steel was replaced by aluminum, then structure topology optimization was used todesign a better cab frame. New design was calculated and the results showed that stress concentration has been improved andthe stress distribution get more uniform compared with original design. Under the premise of stiffness and strength, materialwas saved about 15%. Lightweight design of cab frame was achieved.