论《丑陋的国度》中文化记忆的空间建构

On the Spatial Construction of Cultural Memory in Ugly Country

在多元文化冲突的历史中,强势外来入侵文化对土著传统文化记忆的消解和重构,本质上是对他者生存空间的污蔑、占有和重塑。空间始终是文化记忆建构的核心要素。本研究以太平洋岛屿国家纽埃的英语诗歌《丑陋的国度》为研究对象,在空间维度下探究诗人审视和建构纽埃传统文化记忆的理论思考。研究认为,《丑陋的国度》在三个维度下对纽埃土著族群的文化记忆进行了空间建构:白人殖民者为了诱使土著族群离弃故土,毁灭土著民族的传统文化运作机制和消解土著族群的文化身份的险恶手段,便是对纽埃土著生存空间的污名化;同时,离弃故土的纽埃土著族群在白人文化荡涤和经济挤压下渐渐失去了文化记忆,沦为衣不遮体的乞食者,白人所谓的"美好空间"尽显解构土著族群文化记忆和非人化改造土著族群的恶毒阴谋;最终,复兴民族文化记忆和重构民族文化身份的根本之策,便是回归属于土著民族的地理空间和保持该空间传统文化的纯真性。

In the history of multi-cultural conflicts, deconstruction and reconstruction of the aboriginal people＇s traditional culture by those strong and aggressive cultures from an alien land is to smear, occupy and reshape the living space where the aboriginal people had lived before, in which space proves itself to be a key element in establishing cultural memory. With the poet Niue Togakilo＇s English poem Ugly Country as the research object, an attempt made in this paper is to study his thoughts about how the Niuran people＇s cultural identity and their traditional culture can be explored and reestablished from the perspective of spatiality. The study suggests that the poet makes use of the poem to disclose how the white colonists had destroyed the working system of aboriginal people＇s traditional culture and annihilated their cultural identity by forcing them to leave their own land with stigmatization, unveils what the white colonists are by presenting what the aboriginal people had suffered in the so-called great world by the white colonists and point outs clearly the only efficient way to revitalize the race＇s traditional cultural memory and to reestablish their cultural identity is to go back to the land of their own and to keep the purity of culture in that space.