改革开放40年出国留学事业的回顾与前瞻

Overview and Prospective of Study Abroad since China's 40-Year Open-up and Reform

改革开放40年以来我国留学事业蓬勃发展,1978年以后出国留学活动可分为五个阶段;1978-2018年底的出国留学人员总数已接近600万人次,40年间的留学回国人员总数约为370万人次,其中中共十八大以来约有近280多万人次学成归国,约占1978年之后留学回国总人次的75%以上;各级、各类中国留学人员的足迹遍布于全球200多个国家(或地区)与中国各地。综合分析归纳出五个基本特征:1.规模不断扩大;2.结构趋向多样;3.专业逐步拓宽;4.国别涵盖广泛;5.效益有所提升。此外,还综合了留学回国后学历认证、留学人员创业园、国际学校、留学中介、中外合作办学等数据,分析了1978年以来在外中国留学生数量不断刷新的情况,研讨了神化或倭化留学回国人员的倾向都不可取等未来留学的一系列问题,强调在中共十八大之后,习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想开辟了中国特色留学发展道路,形成了中国特色留学理论体系,确立了中国特色留学政策制度,推动着中国留学事业继往开来。

Since China＇s open-up policy in 1978,many Chinese students and scholars have gone abroad for education,and it is a great endeavor with significant contribution to the country.As the policy changed,many overseas Chinese students and scholars are integrated to the national reform and modernization,embedded in the international and cultural exchanges,closely related to the ＂the Belt and Road Initiative＂,and participate in several national developmental strategies,providing their talents,knowledge and technology.After the 18 th National Congress,the theory on socialism with Chinese characteristics in President Xi＇s time has opened way for the ongoing development of overseas Chinese students and scholars.