表观遗传修饰与胚胎着床

Epigenetic modification and embryo implantation

哺乳动物胚胎着床是指卵母细胞和精子结合受精直到孵化为囊胚并植入子宫内膜的过程。在受精后父母双方染色体重组是胚胎发育所必需的,大部分染色质结构的改变一直持续到胚胎着床,在这过程中发生许多表观遗传调控的生物学变化,如组蛋白修饰、DNA甲基化对子代染色体的重塑等,但对于这些修饰在亲代与子代之间的变化知之甚少。可以明确的是在哺乳动物早期发育中,遗传与表观基因组高度动态的变化息息相关。本文就表观遗传修饰在哺乳动物胚胎发育及着床方面进行阐述。

Mammalian embryo implantation refers to the process in which oocytes and sperm are fertilized before hatching into blastocysts and implanting into the endometrium. Parents＇ chromosomal rearrangement is necessary for embryonic development after fertilization. Most changes in chromatin structure continue until embryo implantation. Many biological changes in epigenetic regulation occur during this process, such as histone modification and DNA methylation for remodeling offspring chromosomes. It is still not clear about the changes between parents and offspring. However, it is certain that genetics is closely related to the highly dynamic changes in epigenome during the early development of the mammal.