垂直距离变化对语音影响的实验研究

Experimental study on the effect of vertical distance variation on speech

目的:应用PRAAT语音学软件(doing phonetics by computer,PRAAT)研究垂直距离与语音功能之间的关系,研究发音时垂直距离变化可导致的口内环境代偿性变化,例如舌、软腭。方法:利用(牙合)垫对20例在校合唱团大学生进行垂直距离的加高2-2.5mm、3-3.5mm、4.5-5mm,分别通过PRAAT软件进行语音测试,进行前后对照。结果:利用PRAAT对受试者垂直距离加高前后发元音/a//i//u/进行共振峰分析,发现/a/受影响变化较少,F1值升高提示舌位降低,开口度加大;发/i//u/音时F2值下降提示舌位后移,发/i/音时F3值下降提示软腭位置下移,发/u/音时F2值下降提示舌位后移,F3值上升提示软腭位置抬高。结论:利用PR AAT对垂直距离增高的患者进行语音分析是可行有效的,垂直距离增高后导致患者下颌位置变化,声道伸长,舌位后移,导致发音产生质量上的变化。

Objective： PRAAT（doing phonetics by computer） was used to investigate the relationship between vertical distance and speech function, and to evaluate the compensatory changes in the oral environment caused by vertical distance change during pronunciation, such as the tongue and soft palate. Methods： 20 cases of college chorus students were chosen in the study. The vertical distance of the students were increased with dental pad by 2-2.5 mm, 3-3.5 mm and 4.5-5 mm respectively, and the speech test was conducted by PRAAT software. Results： PRAAT was used to analyze the formant/a//i//u/after the vertical distances of the subjects were increased. It showed that/a/the affected changes were less, and the increase of F1 indicated the decrease of tongue position and increase of opening degree. The decrease of F2 in the/I//u/indicates that the position of the tongue is shifted, and the decrease of the F3 indicates that the soft palate position is lower, and the decrease of F2 in the/u/indicates that the tongue position is shifted, and the rise of F3 indicates the position of the soft palate is raised. Conclusion： Patients with increasing vertical distance to make use of PRAAT speech analysis is feasible and effective. A vertical increase may lead to a jaw position change, track elongation, tongue back, pronunciation change of quality.