脑微出血的危险因素及临床意义

Risk Factors and Clinical Implications of Cerebral Microbleed

脑微出血（CMB）具有一定“隐匿性”,临床中容易对其忽视或漏检.随着影像学技术的迅速发展,这一影像学表现逐渐受到重视.CMB是脑小血管病的亚型之一,常与腔隙性脑梗死、脑白质高信号并存.目前研究认为它是一种亚临床疾病状态,与认知功能障碍、脑血管事件发生、相关死亡率的增加等临床事件的发生有着密不可分的关系,对相关治疗也有一定影响.因此,对于CMB的防治以及个体化治疗的选择,成为临床工作中关心的重点.本文主要就CMB的相关危险因素及可能的致病机制以及临床意义作一研究综述,进而对这一研究的进展进行理论梳理.

Cerebral microbleed （CMB） has the properly of ＂latent or silent＂ to a certain degree, which always be ignored or missed in clinical practice. With advances in technology of imaging, the area of CMB which is thought to be a potential imaging manifestation has generated substantial interest. It is widely known that CMB is belong to cerebral small vessel disease and always coexisted with lacunar infarct and white matter hyperintensities. Current research suggests that the CMB is a state of subclinical disease which has the association with cognitive impairment, cerebrovascular disease and increased mortality, as well as correlative treatment. Accordingly, it is cause for concern that how to opt for the prevention and treatment protocol for individuals with CMB - related risk factors. This review summaries the risk factors, possible pathogenesis and clinical implications of CMB.