喉裂的诊疗进展

Laryngeal clefts： a review of current literature

喉裂是一种罕见的先天性喉畸形，随着对该病的认识提高，文献报道越来越多。喉裂的临床表现取决于喉部组织的裂开程度和是否有合并疾病，轻型仅有轻微症状，重型危及生命，甚至在诊断前已夭折。随着对喉裂的重视和内镜技术的发展，喉裂的诊断、评估和治疗技术不断进步，2017年国际小儿耳鼻喉科学组（International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group, IPOG）也发布了Ⅰ型喉裂的诊断和管理指南。了解喉裂的研究进展，有利于减少漏诊、误诊和进行个性化治疗。

Laryngeal clefts as exceptionally rare congenital anomalies have been reported more and more recently. The clinical symptoms and presentations base on degree of clefts and variety of comorbidities. Mild types of clefts may have minimal clinical impact, whereas severe types may be life-threatening and even lead to death before diagnosis. With more attention of these anomalies and advances in endoscopy, the diagnosis, evaluation and surgery of laryngeal clefts have acquired great improvement, especially International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group（IPOG） have reported consensus guidelines on the diagnosis and management of type Ⅰ laryngeal clefts in 2017. This review of laryngeal clefts may be beneficial to decrease missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis and to achieve individual-based treatment.