广深轨道交通执法体制的实践和思考

Rail Transit Law Enforcement in Guangzhou and Shenzhen

由于我国目前在国家层面对轨道交通并没有进行统一的立法,开通轨道交通的城市纷纷出台了自己的管理规定,内容各不相同,特别是执法体制不尽相同。广州和深圳是轨道交通发展较快的城市,两地在轨道交通执法方面采取了不同的探索,采取的执法模式也各有特色,广州通过地方立法,赋予轨道运营公司在有限的范围内进行执法的权力,深圳采用委托执法的方式,由运管办(轨道运营公司)代行政部门在轨道交通保护区范围内进行执法活动。通过对两地的实践情况进行对比分析,思考我国轨道运营公司在轨道执法中的地位和作用,以便于在今后的立法中采取适应我国国情的执法模式。

As there is no unified legislation for China＇s rail transit system, all cities with rail transit systems have formulated their own regulations; however, their contents are different, especially when dealing with law enforcement systems. With the rapid development of rail transit in Guangzhou and Shenzhen, these two cities are exploring different patterns with regard to rail transit law enforcement. Through local legislation, Guangzhou has given rail operators the power to enforce law with limited scope. Rail operators in Shenzhen act as law enforcement officers of the government within the scope of the rail transit protection zone. Through a comparative analysis of the practice of the two cities, we can consider the position and role of China＇s rail transit operators in law enforcement so as to facilitate the implementation of law enforcement in China in future legislation.