改革开放以来我国社会政策发展的回顾与展望

Retrospect and Prospect on China's Social Policy since Reform and Opening-up

改革开放以来,我国社会政策的发展可以分为三个阶段,即恢复和重建阶段、新型社会保障制度建设阶段和社会政策体系建设阶段。在第一阶段,社会政策的功能薄弱,经济政策在某种程度上发挥了社会政策的功能。在第二阶段,新型社会保障制度建设以城镇职工为重点,农村社会保障制度建设滞后,教育、医疗卫生等民生公共服务商业化严重,贫富差距不断扩大。在第三阶段,社会政策的再分配功能逐步显现,但是,社会福利总体水平仍然不高,社会政策发展不平衡不充分的矛盾比较突出,社会政策的公正性也有待提高。随着中国特色社会主义进入新时代,我国社会政策体系将更加完善和公正,社会福利水平将逐步提高,不平衡不充分的矛盾将得到有效缓解。

Since the reform and opening-up, the development of China＇ s social policy could be divided into three stages, including the recovery and reconstruction, the new social security construction and the social policy system construction. In the first stage, the social policy was far from being functional, and economic policy took the place of social policy to a certain extent. In the second stage, the new social security system focused on urban workers, while the rural social security lagged behind; the public services for the people＇ s livelihood, such as education, medical and health care, was seriously commercialized; and the gap between the rich and the poor was widening. In the third stage, despite of the growing manifestation of the redistribution function of social policy, the overall level of social welfare is still not high, and the balanee and fairness of social policy need to be improved. With the coming of a new era, China＇ s social policy system will be more improved and just; the level of social welfare will be escalated, and the insufficiency and imbalance will be effectively alleviated.