慈善事业发展困境与治理能力提升

The Dilemma of Charitable Development and the Improvement of Governance Capacity

现代慈善是国家治理体系的重要组成部分。但我国慈善事业发展面临法律及配套政策不完善、落实不力,主管部门权责不匹配、行政服务能力不足,慈善组织自身治理机制乏力、服务能力欠缺,行业生态链尚未形成、行业治理缺失等困境。因此,提升慈善治理能力,实现慈善领域的善治,需要建立多元主体的合作治理体系。其中,内部治理是基石,慈善组织应努力"提升公信力,增强服务能力"。外部治理是条件,政府作为最重要的外部治理主体,应不断"完善慈善政策,提升行政服务能力";行业组织作为慈善事业内生的治理主体,应"加强行业自律,形成行业生态链",改变行业治理缺失的局面;媒体和公众作为不可或缺的社会治理主体,应扮演好"积极参与,理性监督"的角色。

Modern philanthropy is an important part of national governance system. However in China, the development of charity is faced with many difficulties, such as the imperfect policies and regulations, ineffective implementation, mismatching responsibilities of the competent authorities, imperfect governance mechanism of the charity organizations, insufficient service capacity, incomplete ecological chain of the industry, and the lacking of governance of the industry organizations. To enhance the ability of charitable governance and achieve good governance in the field of charity, it is necessary to establish a cooperative governance system with multiple subjects. Among them, internal governance is the cornerstone, and charity organizations should strive to enhance credibility and enhance service capabilities. External governance is the condition. The government, as the most important external governance subject, should continuously improve the charity policies and enhance the administrative service capacity. Industry organizations, as the internal governance subject of philanthropy, should strengthen self-discipline and form industry ecological chain to change the situation of ineffective industry governance. The media and the public, as indispensable subjects of social governance, should play a positive role.