高堆石坝筑坝材料宏细观变形分析研究进展

Review of macro-and mesoscopic analysis on rockfill materials in high dams

随着我国水电事业的快速发展,高堆石坝的建设已达200～300 m级.超过200 m级高堆石坝将表现出与以往明显不同的变形特性,其变形控制是工程建设的难点之一.由于堆石体等筑坝颗粒材料宏观上连续,而细观上离散,易发生颗粒破碎,其本构模型与变形机理尚未明确,因此需要从宏观和细观两个层面对其应力变形特性进行研究.本文总结了近年来高堆石坝及筑坝堆石体在宏细观变形方面的研究进展,着重对高堆石坝宏观本构研究及参数率定、筑坝堆石体细观力学研究方法、细观变形机制以及堆石料缩尺效应等方面做了介绍,并对后续高堆石坝建设过程中筑坝材料的变形控制的研究趋势进行了展望.

With the quick development of the hydrolic engineering in China, the height of the rockfill dams reaches the level of 200–300 m.High rockfill dams over 200 m behave differently in deformation mode compared to previous lower dams. Due to the particular features of rockfill materials in macroscopic and mesoscopic scales, such as continuity, discrete and crushability, the constitutive models and the deformation mechanisms for rockfills are not yet clear. It is necessary to investigate the mechanical behaviors of rockfill materials from macro-to meso-scale. This paper makes a review on macro-and mesoscopic analysis of rockfill dams and rockfill materials in recent years. The constituitive modeling and the parameter calibration of rockfill dams, the mesoscopic method,deformation mechanisms and the scale effect for rockfill materials are discussed. Besides, the further investigation trends of deformation analysis and control methods in rockfill dams are shown.