文献所见云南古代葬俗的类型学探析

Exploration on the Types of the Ancient Burial Custom in Yunnan Based on the Documents

当前,考古学界越来越关注物背后的文化与制度,通过仪式过程来复原社会的运行和文化变迁。考古类型学固然是缘于对出土物的分类和型式功能演变研究,但它亦可以作为一种方法论,通过一定的转换而用于对历史遗存下来的文献进行整理,进而与考古资料作类比研究。文章主要依据云南古代文献中关于各种葬俗的记载,按火葬、土葬和其他葬俗分别加以介绍,对文献内容作栉列排比。并从所记各类葬俗之葬前仪式、葬式、葬后仪式三方面作类型学考察分析,初步梳理了不同葬俗的历史演变及其原因。

In nowadays, archaeological scholars pay more attention on the antiques' background culture and regime, they tried to restore the society functioning and cultural vicissitudes of that time through ceremonies process. Though the archaeological types is the study on the classification and function's evolution, it is also a kind of methodology, that is, classifies the historical documents through some transformation, then further makes the comparative studies with archaeological data. This article mainly relied on the burial customs recorded in the ancient documents in Yunnan, introduced on the fire burial, earth burial and other burial customs, then analyzing the ceremonies, back and forth for the clarifying the different historical evolu-tion and its reason, which is valuable to understand the historical culture of different ethnic groups in Yunnan