板式浅层碎膜回收机的设计与试验

Design and research of plate-needle residual film collecting machine

为了解决耕地浅层残膜影响幼苗根生长的问题,设计了板式浅层碎膜回收机。该机主要由卸膜板、扎膜板、扎膜针等部件组成。卸膜板在弹簧作用下与扎膜板贴合,扎膜板上下往复运动,扎起碎膜。液压力推动卸膜板运动,实现脱膜。结果表明:扎膜针运动轨迹是移动螺旋,螺距大小取决于机具运动速度。扎膜针针肩挂住残膜,使碎膜不能从针肩上滑脱。增加针肩尺寸,拾取碎膜能力会增强。无肩扎膜针可拾取地表碎膜,拾取埋深超过2cm时出现碎膜滑脱现象;针肩高度为0.25mm,扎中后可100%拾取3cm深的碎膜。土壤表层均匀加水1kg/m2,针肩高度0.25mm的扎膜针不能完全拾取埋深3cm的碎膜,拾取率为70%。土壤含水量越高,扎中后拾取成功率越低。

To solve the shallow layer residual film in farmland influencing root growth,plate-needle residual film collecting machine was designed.The main components of the machine are plate-needle,pricking film needles and removed plate.The needle-plate and the removed plate close together by reset spring and plate installed with needles evenly moves up and down to pick up the residual film in the soil.The liquid pressure drives the motion of the film unloading plate to realize the film removal.The result showed that motion track of the puncture needle was a moving spiral,and the pitch size depended on the movement speed of the tool.The puncture needle shoulder hung the damaged membrane to prevent the broken membrane from slipping off the needle shoulder.When it increased the size of needle shoulder,the ability to pick up film will be enhanced.The surface films can be picked up without the shoulder prick needle,and the film slippage occurs when the buried depth exceeds 2 cm.The height of needle shoulder was 0.25 mm,and the broken film with a depth of 3 cm can be picked up 100% after the puncture.Water was added to the soil surface evenly 1 kg/m2,and the puncture needle with a height of 0.25 mm could not completely pick up the broken film with a depth of 3 cm,and the pick-up rate was70%.The higher the soil moisture content,the lower the success rate of gleaning in the ligation.