一种多功能好氧发酵堆肥设备研究

Study on a multi-function aerobic fermentation composting equipment

结合陕西省畜禽养殖业粪污和农作物秸秆的处理现状,研发适用于中小型养殖场需求的畜禽粪便和秸秆一体化处理设备。设计一种适用于小微型养殖场的集秸秆粉碎、粉碎秸秆与畜禽粪便混合、混合物料发酵等于一体,兼具加热保温、通风供氧、发酵堆体搅拌翻堆等功能好氧发酵堆肥设备。该设备发酵过程以发酵温度作为控制条件,采用自动控制模式,营造适宜的好氧发酵环境,将发酵周期缩短至8～12d,极大提高工作效率。为期10d的运行试验表明,堆体发酵温度保持在55℃～65℃的时间达到8～9d,堆肥结束时物料含水率38.4%,容重0.724 6g/cm3,有机质含量48.65%,全养分含量6.21%,满足相关标准要求,可以作为有机肥料施用,达到畜禽粪便和秸秆无害化、减量化、资源化处理的目的。

This paper combined with present disposing situation of Shaanxi Province animal manure and crop straw to study the closecoupled processing equipment for the needs of middle and small size plants.It designs a suitableaerobic fermentation composting equipment for small farms,that could crushing straw,mixed smashed straw and animal manure,mixed ferment,both the functions of heating and heat preservation,aeration,stirred dump.The fermentation process of the equipment takes fermentation temperature as the control condition,adopts automatic control mode to create suitable aerobic fermentation environment,shortens the fermentation period to 8～12 d,and greatly improves the work efficiency.In 10 days experiment,that have 8～9 days keep in 55℃～65℃of the fermentation temperature,the moisture content at the end of composting is 38.4%,the bulk density is 0.724 6 g/cm3,the organic content is 48.65%,the total nutrient content is 6.21%,to meet the requirements of relevant standards,can be used as organic fertilizer,attained the harmless and reducing and resource utilization purpose of animal manure and straw.