清华大学建筑设计研究院之创建背景及早期发展研究

A Study on the Establishment and Early Development of Tsinghua Architectural Design Institute

清华大学建筑设计院成立于1958年教育大跃进的大背景中,也是清华推行"真刀真枪搞毕业设计"和"大兵团作战"经验的产物,但1958年之前的三校建委会和基建委员会所进行的建设则为设计院积累了技术经验并培养了技术人才。设计院成立后即参与到国庆工程及其配套项目的设计和修建中,1959年-1966年又承担了大量校内工程和校外的居住小区建设,成为建筑系、土木系的"实习工厂",实现了生产部门("院")与教研系所("系")的密切结合,形成有别于普通国营设计院的人事制度和管理、运营特征。

Tsinghua Architectural Design Institute was established in 1958 under the onslaught of Great Leap Forward, with an internal influence of true graduation project and interdisciplinary coordination of engineering projects as promoted in Tsinghua at the time. However, engineering practices prior to 1958 at Tsinghua prepared for the establishment and operation of the design institute in terms of personnel and technical experience. Upon its establishment, the design institute participated in designing and constructing buildings to celebrate the 10th Anniversary of the PRC in 1958 and 1959, and more educational and residential projects in and outside Tsinghua up to 1966. The Tsinghua Architectural Design Institute became a practicing plant for architectural teachers and students during its early years, distinctly different from normal state-owned design institutes under Maoism.