影像组学技术研究进展及其在结直肠癌中的临床应用

Research Progress of Radiomics and its Application in Clinical of Colorectal Cancer

医学影像包含着大量人眼无法识别的信息,不仅可以全面表达肿瘤的异质性,还可能反映患者预后等重要信息。近年来,随着图像处理与人工智能技术的发展,应用基于医学影像大数据的分析方法来辅助医生决策或者解决临床实践中的棘手问题成为研究热点,这个新兴的领域被称为"影像组学"。另外,结直肠癌是中国主要发病及致死癌种之一,发病人数和致死人数均逐年上升,在其术前、术中和术后3个不同阶段均有许多热点研究问题。从影像组学的基本原理与技术入手,结合其在结直肠癌临床诊疗中的应用研究,针对术前新辅助放化疗的疗效评估、术中手术方案的决策和术后生存分析这3个不同阶段的不同问题,分别介绍影像学组如何发挥其价值。

Medical images contain a great deal of information that cannot be recognized by the human eye. It may not only fully express the heterogeneity of the tumor, but also reflect important information such as prognosis information of patients. In recent years, with the development of image processing and artificial intelligence technology, the application of medical image big data analysis method to assist doctors to make decisions or to solve the thorny problems in clinical practice has become a research hotspot. This emerging field is called ＂radiomics＂. On the other hand, colorectal cancer is one of the most common and fatal cancer species in China. The number of patients and deaths has increased year by year. There are many hot research questions in the three different stages of preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative. In this paper, we introduced the basic principle and technology of the radiomics. Taking the research of radiomics in colorectal cancer as an example, the following different clinical questions of each stage, including diagnose the status of pathological complete remission after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, the decision of operation plan and the survival analysis after operation, were introduced respectively.