随州市高新区老年人跌倒伤害及影响因素分析

Analysis on the Elderly Falls and Influencing Factors in High-tech Industrial District of Suizhou

目的调查随州市高新区老年人跌倒情况及影响因素,为老年人跌倒的预防与干预提供参考依据。方法采用随机整群抽样法,抽取8个行政村/社区60岁以上的老年人3 305人,调查2015-07-01/2016-06-30间跌倒的发生情况及其影响因素,同时收集该时段上述8个行政村/社区60岁以上常住居民因跌倒,在高新区各级基层医疗卫生机构、高新区医院及私人骨科医院就诊的《老年人跌倒、坠落伤害监测报告卡》。结果调查时段内,451名老年人发生541次跌倒,跌倒发生率为16. 37%,老年人跌倒发生率随年龄增长而增加(χ~2趋势=55. 833,P=0. 000),女性跌倒发生率高于男性(χ~2=5. 547,P <0. 05),7-10月跌倒发生率占全年的54. 53%,早晨6点至中午12点跌倒发生率占55. 27%;家中跌倒发生率占67. 28%,167人(30. 87%)因跌倒就医,92人(17. 01%)需住院治疗。70岁及以上年龄者、慢性病、留守老年人、道路不平为影响老年人跌倒的重要危险因素。结论随州市高新区老年人跌倒发生率较高,应通过国家基本公共卫生服务项目强化对老年人防跌倒的健康指导,积极治疗慢性病,合理用药,开展城乡环境治理等综合性措施预防老年人跌倒的发生。

Objective To investigate the falls and influencing factors in the elderly in high - tech industrial District of Suizhou and provide references for the prevention and intervention of falls in the elderly. Methods By using the cluster random sampling, 3 305 people aged 60 years and older in 8 communities were interviewed to investigate the occurrence and influencing factors of falls from July 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016. The report cards of falls and fall injury monitoring for the elderly in the above 8 communities from village health room, high -tech District hospital and private orthopedic hospital were collected and analyzed. Results From 2015 to2016, 451 elderly people fell 541 times and the incidence rate of falls was 16. 37%. Falls incidence increased with 2 age （χ^2 = 55. 833, P 〈 0. 001 ）, which was higher in female than in male （X2 = 5. 547, P 〈 0. 05 ）, and the rate in July to October accounted for 54. 53%, 55.27% happened in the morning, and 67.28% happened at home. When falling, 30. 87% of them needed to see a doctor and 17. O1% needed hospitalization. Older than 70, chronic diseases, left- behind elderly people and road inequality were important risk factors for falls in theelderly. Conclusion The incidence of falls in the elderly in High - tech industrial District of Suizhou is high. It is necessary to strengthen the health instruction on the prevention of fails in the elderly through national basic public health service project. The comprehensive measures, such as active treatment of chronic diseases, proper medicine therapy, and urban - rural environment management, should be taken to prevent the occurrence of falls in the elderly