欧堡扫描激光检眼镜和间接眼底镜对跳水运动员视网膜病变筛查的比较

Comparison of Optomap scanning laser ophthalmoscope and indirect ophthalmoscopy for detecting retinal lesions of professional diving athletes

目的比较欧堡扫描激光检眼镜(Optomap scanning laser ophthalmoscope, Optomap)和间接眼底镜对跳水运动员视网膜病变筛查结果的差异。方法选择2015-2017年跳水队运动员共计43名,男20名,女23名,平均年龄(17.9±4.9)岁。3年来双眼分别进行视网膜病变筛查78次,检查方法包括间接眼底镜、Optomap直视和Optomap不同眼位转动注视成像。结果这些检查方式均可发现视网膜非压迫白、色素沉着、视网膜脉络膜黄白色病灶、视网膜格样变性、视网膜裂孔等。而在右眼鼻上、上方、下方和左眼上方检出病灶范围的差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),上述方位在间接眼底镜和Optomap不同眼位转动注视成像检出病灶范围的差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论筛查跳水运动员视网膜病变时,Optomap和间接眼底镜均可确定病变性质;对确定病变范围在直视成像时,水平方向可达到一致性结果,当双眼充分向各方向眼球转动注视成像时,则各方向均能达到一致性。

Objective To evaluate the difference of findings in Optomap scanning laser ophthalmoscope and indirect ophthalmoscopy for detecting retinal lesions of professional diving athletes. Methods Between 2015 and 2017, a total of 43 professional diving athletes were enrolled in this study, including 20 male and 23 female, with an average age of（17.8 ± 4.1） years. During 3 years, 78 times of screening for retinal lesion were conducted with different inspection methods including indirect ophthalmoscopy, Optomap in single field and in eye steering. Results All these methods could identify retinal lesions such as visible white without pressure, pigmentation, yellowish white chorioretinopathy, lattice retinal degeneration, retinal hole and so on. And there were statistically significant differences in delimitation of the scope of retinal lesions among these methods in nasal-superior, superior and inferior quadrants of right eyes and superior quadrants of left eyes（P〈0.05）, while there was no statistically significant difference between indirect ophthalmoscopy and Optomap in eye steering in quadrants above（P〉0.05）. Conclusion Both indirect ophthalmoscopy and Optomap can define retinal lesions in screening of professional diving athletes. In the scope evaluation, Optomap in single field can achieve consistency with indirect ophthalmoscopy in horizontal quadrants and Optomap in eyes steering can achieve in all quadrants.