危险品运输从业人员培训考核监管体系研究

On the administration and supervision system for training the staff-members in dealing with the dangerous goods transportation and inspection

随着危险品航空运输量及从业人员数量的不断增加,如何使从业人员培训考核监管工作更加规范、高效、系统,已成为近年来民航局关注的重点。利用事故树分析方法,以危险品培训考核监管为顶事件构建监管体系树,对我国危险品航空运输从业人员培训考核监管现状进行了定性定量分析,确定出对监管工作影响最大的因素,并提出了针对性解决措施;以PDCA为模型,构建了危险品航空运输从业人员培训考核监管体系,以便系统地对培训考核工作进行监督和管理。

The present paper is aimed at tackling the problem concerning how to regulate the supervision of the working staff training and examination for the air transportation of dangerous goods in a more standardized, efficient and systematic way through a series of procedures. The said series of procedures can be shown as follows： first of all, the method of the Fault Tree Analysis （FTA） can be used to design a supervision system tree for praetioners to work on the dangerous goods air transport, which can be used to supervise the trainees to learn to find and examine the dangerous goods in terms of the top events, the basic events and the logical relations of such afforementioned events ac- cording to the civil aviation authoritative administrative and control regulations, the supervision demands as well as the advisory opinions from the experts specialized in the area. And, in turn, it would be possible to do quantitative and qualitative analyses by reducing the necessary examination items to the minimal least set according to the order of structural importance so as to determine the most influential 3 factors on the regulatory work, including the supervision staff members, platform construction, formulation and revision of the relevant rules and regulations. After that, we have also managed to provide a package of proposals and solutions, including the appointment of supervision inspectors, so as for them to make a timely revision of the corresponding documents and supervision manuals, in addition to building up a dual-platform （namely, the platforms of the dangerous goods transportation management and supervision）. And, finally, we have managed to conceive and work out a supervision system of the staff-member training and testing of the air transport of the dangerous goods. The above mentioned supervision system is composed of 4 cycle management modules, i.e. the planning （P）, doing （D）, chec- king（ C）, and then action （A） with the details based on the findings of the given paper. Thus, it can be said that the PDCA cycle model for the continuous improvement of the quality management should be qualified enough to serve the purpose of systematical supervision and comprehensive close-loop management of the staff-member training and examination for the air transport of dangerous goods, so as to achieve the goal of the cyclic improvement and continfious progress in this way.