危险品航空运输应急管理机制关键因素研究

On the management mechanism of the air transportation of dangerous goods and the key factors for their emergency control

针对当前危险品航空运输应急管理机制的应急主体衔接不紧密、处置流程不明确等主要问题,利用解释结构模型（ISM）将应急管理机制的8个组成要素划分为五层级的应急管理机制多层递阶结构图。根据多层递阶结构图中的不同层次,危险品应急管理机制建设的关键因素应为应急响应机制、处置机制和评估机制,可优先建设这3个关键因素以建立更加科学有效的危险品航空运输应急管理机制,解决当前的主要问题。

The present paper is to engage itself on the study of the managing mechanism of the air transportation of the dangerous goods and the corresponding key factors for their emergency control based on the interpretative structural modeling method （ISM）. However, the main problem in this way is that the interrelation among the different branches fail to cooperate very closely, for the disposal process of such relations is not distinctive enough. Therefore, the present paper would like to make a summary of the 8 influential factors of the emergency management mechanism in this way according to the actual situation in China today, by joining problems with an analysis of the objective features of the air transportation of such goods in the regard to the relevant laws and regulations. Practically speaking, there may exist 8 influential factors, which may include the precaution mechanism, the measurement and the early warning mechanism, the contingency reaction mechanism, the disposal mechanism, and those mexhanism items of decision-making, the coordination linkage command, the information-transfer and the information and data assessment. Besides, it is also necessary to clarify the relations among the 8 influential factors based on the flow chart of the air transportation of such risk-involving goods. Finally, it is also necessary to build up the correlation matrix of the respective factors of emergency management in this way via the means of ISM. As a result of calculation and analysis of the muhi-level hierarchical structure of the emergency control mechanism of the air transport of such goods, the 8 factors can be divided into 5 levels of the hierarchical structure from the bottom to the top. According to the different levels in the multi-level hierarchical structure diagram, the aforementioned key factors for emergency management of the transportation of such goods should be categorized into the contingency reaction mechanism, and those items of disposal and the evaluation. Under the guidance of the results, priority should be taken to solve the current problems by constructing the said 3 key factors to establish a more scientific and effective emergency management mechanism of the transportation of such goods.