中国城市公共游憩空间研究进展

Research progress of urban public recreational space in China

城市公共游憩空间(Urban Public Recreational Space,UPRS)作为大众休闲时代居民惯常性游憩活动场所,是城市公共空间基本体系的重要内容,其规划、布局和服务水平是衡量城市社会文明和居民生活质量的重要表征。研究以中国知网(CNKI)数据库1985-2017年间相关高被引用文章为分析对象,梳理期间中国UPRS研究的状况,以期明确当前关注热点,为快速城镇化进程中UPRS的合理规划和科学建设提供参考依据。研究结果表明,中国UPRS学术研究呈现了阶段演化和等级结构特征,主要涉及UPRS类型划分、空间形态结构、综合评价体系、规划设计与开发策略、发展产生的影响、时空演化与形成机理、空间意象特征、可持续利用及政府决策9个领域。最后,针对宜居城市和游憩空间规划的实践,研究提出深化基础理论研究,构建学科交叉与多维空间融合的中国特色UPRS研究思路;培育人文主义理念,以国际化视野构建引领世界城市发展的城市公共游憩管理制度体系等建议。

As the main places for urban residents＇ recreation activity in the era of mass leisure,urban public recreational space（UPRS） is one of the major components of urban public spatial system. Its planning, layout, and the service are the main characters to measure the urban social civilization and the life quality of residents. Meanwhile, in order to meet the current demands for the construction of livable cities and meet the challenges of UPRS development in the process of urbanization, it is important to have a scientific and systematic review on the latest development of UPRS research for promoting the development of this subject. Based on a data from the China National Knowledge Internet during 1985 to 2017, this study examined and summarized the research development of UPRS in China. By using literature quantitative analysis, we divided the China＇s UPRS related research into three stages of development based on the number and growth rate of papers per year, namely starting period（1985-2000）, growth period（2001-2009）, and consolidation period（2010-2017）. Then, this paper identified nine hot research topics in the UPRS and reviewed their progresses in research by using a knowledge network of UPRS built on the co-occurrence of keywords. These topics include the classifications of UPRS, spatial structure and layout, comprehensive assessment, planning and development strategies, impacts induced by UPRS development, evolution characteristics and their driving mechanism, space imagery features, sustainable utilization, and so on. Moreover,this paper systematically reviewed the research methods and the scale of the China＇s UPRS related studies. Finally, in response to problems and deficiencies of extant research, this paper put forward some suggestions regarding future research. Chinese UPRS studies should pay more attention to the basic theoretical research. We should construct a new research system with Chinese characteristics based on interdisciplinary and multi-level spatial integration research. Besides, we should develop the humanism philosophy and construct management systems for UPRS that can lead the development of world cities based on the global vision.