中国主要块体奥陶纪达瑞威尔期(Darriwilian)晚期—凯迪期(Katian)早期海相红层及其构造意义

Late Darriwilian to Early Katian(Ordovician) Marine Red Beds from the Main Blocks in China and Their Tectonic Significance

根据中国主要块体奥陶纪达瑞威尔期地层学、古生物学和岩石学的特点,本文主要论述了中国9个块体,其中包括5个主要块体(扬子克拉通、中朝克拉通、塔里木克拉通、拉萨地块和喜马拉雅北坡)中达瑞威尔晚期—凯迪期早期海相红层的分布、岩性特征和古动物群。它们的岩性特征:如红色灰岩;古生物群特征:如牙形石Pygodus serra动物群,P.anserinus动物群和Hamarodus europaeus动物群,珊瑚Yohophyllum动物群,以及头足类Sinoceras chinense动物群均十分相似或相同。这就充分阐明,中华古陆块群(包括扬子、中朝和塔里木克拉通等)与冈瓦纳古陆北缘古陆块群(包括拉萨地块和喜马拉雅北坡等)之间的关系十分密切,可能在此之前它们同属于冈瓦纳古陆。这对于阐明中华古陆块群与冈瓦纳古陆之间的关系具有重要意义。此外,还将海相红层分为两类:陆棚红层和大洋红层。陆棚红层主要见于寒武纪至三叠纪,大洋红层主要见于白垩纪至现代。

This papermainly describes the stratigraphical distribution, lithological characteristics and palaeontological faunas of the Late Darriwilian to Early Katian（Ordovician）marine red beds from the nine blocks,including five main blocks（Yangtze Craton,Sino-Korean Craton,Tarim Craton,Lhasa Block and north slope of Himalaya）.Their lithological characteristics（such as red limestones）and palaeontolgical faunas（such as conodont Pygodus serra faunas,P.anserinus faunas and Hamarodus europaeus faunas,Coral Yohophyllumfaunas,and Cephalopod Sinoceras chinense faunas）of these marine red beds are very similar or same.The result has an important implication for understanding the relation between China oldland and Gondwanan oldland.Maybe it belonged to the same Gondwanan oldland before.It fully suggests that the China palaeoblocks including Yangtze Craton,Sino-Korean Craton and Traim Craton are closely related to the palaeoblocks including Lhasa Block and northern slope of Himalaya on the northern side of Gondwanan oldland.This result has an important significance for understanding the relation between China oldland and Gondwanan oldland.Besides,marine red beds can be subdivided into two groups：shelf red beds（SRB）and oceanic red beds（ORB）.The former was deposited mainly from Cambrian to Triassic ages,and the latter was mainly from Cretaceous age to present.