2016年厦门市集美区成人高血压、高血压前期患病情况及其危险因素分析

Analysis on prevalence and risk factors of hypertension and prehypertension among adults,Jimei district,Xiamen city,2016

目的了解厦门市集美区成人高血压、高血压前期患病率及相关危险因素,为综合防治高血压提供依据。方法于2016年采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法,对厦门市集美区6个街道3 300名≥18周岁的常住居民进行问卷调查、身体测量及实验室检测,计算高血压及高血压前期患病率、高血压知晓率及控制率,采用多因素Logistic分析患病危险因素。结果厦门市集美区≥18周岁成人高血压和高血压前期患病率分别为14.47%、32.36%,标化后患病率分别为23.04%、34.59%,男性均高于女性(P <0.01),且随年龄的增长而呈上升趋势(P <0.01)。高血压知晓率及控制率分别为48.64%、24.32%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男性、年龄、BMI、腹型肥胖、高胆固醇血症(TC)、高甘油三脂血症(TG)均为高血压及高血压前期的危险因素(P <0.01)。结论厦门市集美区常住居民高血压前期患病率高,高血压知晓率及控制率低。

Objective To understand the prevalence and related risk factors of hypertension and prehypertension among adults in Jimei district,Xiamen city,so as to provide the evidence for comprehensive prevention and control. MethodsMulti-stage random sampling method was employed to select a total of 3 300 people aged≥18 years with a questionnaire survey,physical examinations and laboratory tests in Jimei district in 2016,in order to calculate prevalence,awareness rate and control rate of hypertension and prehypertension.The risk factors of hypertension and prehypertension was analyzed by multiple logistic analysis. Results The total crude prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension was 14.47%and32.36%respectively,and age-adjusted prevalence was 23.04% and 34.59% respectively.The prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension in men was statistically significant higher than that in women（P 〈0.01）and increased with age（P〈0.01）.The rates of awareness and control of hypertension were 48.64% and 24.32%,respectively.Multiple logistic analysis showed that men,age,BMI,abdominal obesity,high TC,high TG were risks factors for both hypertension and prehypertension（P 〈0.01）. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of prehypertension while low awareness and control rates among permanent residents in Jimei district,Xiamen city.