再谈维特根斯坦的“私有语言”问题

Revisit Wittgenstein's “Private Language” Augment

"私有语言"问题是后期维特根斯坦哲学中最常被提起的话题之一,当然,这并不意味着它已经被充分理解了。本文从语言实践的两个重要维度,即,原初语词的习得(以"疼痛"为例)以及使用日常语言表达我们的内在(Inner)这两点出发,结合维特根斯坦的相关评论,为这个话题提供新的思路。通过对这两个维度的细致分析,期望达到对这一后期维特根斯坦经典话题的彻底澄清。此外,通过这种澄清,本文还提示了维特根斯坦哲学写作的一个重要但是容易被忽视的特征。

The ＂private language＂ argument is one of the most frequently mentioned topics in late Wittgenstein＇ s philosophy, which does not mean it has been fully understood. This article, combined with Wittgenstein＇ s remarks, supplies a new approach from two significant dimensions of linguistic practice, i.e. the learning of initial words （ take ＂pain＂ for example ） and the application of everyday language to express our Inner. By means of a detailed analysis of this two dimensions, we are in expectation of giving a thorough clarification of this classical argument of Wittgenstein＇ s late philosophy. Besides, through this clarification, this article also casts light on an important but always ignored trait of Wittgenstein＇ s philosophical writings.